2013年考研英语试卷一 阅读理解第4篇答案和解析

??On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Aministration.

最高法院周一以五比三的投票结果宣布亚利桑那州移民法多项条款无效。这是对主张温和移民政策的奥巴马政府算是一场胜利。

But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.

但是最重要的问题是，宪法。在这一问题上，最高法院以8:0的一致表决让企图打破联邦政府与各州间权力平衡的奥巴马政府完败。

An Arizona V. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local


police enforce federal immigrations law.

在亚利桑那和美国之间的对决中，其中，颇具争议的


方案允许亚利桑那拥有一级及地方警察执行联邦移民法，这四款条文中三项被最高法院多数票判为无效。

The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to "establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization" and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.

宪法规定华盛顿拥有制定统一的归化条例。联邦法律优先于州法律这两点是毋庸置疑的。

Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.

而亚利桑那州企图制定与现行联邦法律并行的本州政策。

Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun .

大法官安东尼肯尼迪、首席大法官约翰罗伯茨和法庭自由派大法官持相同观点，认定亚利桑那州肆意挑战联邦政府权威。

On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately "occupied the field " and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powers.

在被推翻的三项条款中，多数票认为国会已经慎重“先占领域”，而亚利桑那州也因此侵扰到联邦政府特权。

However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.

不过,大法官认为亚利桑那州的州警允许对身份可疑的人口进行身份核查。

That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.

那是因为国会一直希望联邦和州政府在移民政策上通力合作。鼓励州政府官员和联邦同事之间实现信息共享、彼此合作。

Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.

投反对票的三位大法官中，塞缪尔阿利托和克拉伦斯托马斯赞同宪法规定的逻辑，但是对亚利桑那州移民法中哪些条款触犯了联邦法律这一问题他们却存在分歧。

The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.

主要的异议来自于大法官安东尼斯卡利亚，他为可以追溯到《外国人与煽动叛乱法案》的州级特权进行了更强有力的辩护。

The 8-0 objection to President Obama tarns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion of federal executive power”.

这个8:0的反对票,反对奥巴马总统的原因在于，他对于联邦行政权令人震惊的声明, 就像阿里托在其反对意见中所陈述的。

The White House argued the Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.

白宫认为亚利桑那州移民法与联邦政府的执法优先权相抵触，即使州法律严格遵循联邦法律。

In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.

事实上，白宫断言自己可以对任何虽然合法却不被白宫认可的州级法律予以否定。

Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them.

白宫在一些问题上享有专断权，包括对公民身份和边界的控制权。

But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so.

但是如果国会想要防止各州自行其事，对移民身份进行核查，它也有权如此，不过它从来没有这样做过。

The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either.

政府其实声称，因为自己不想执行国会的移民意愿，任何州也不允许执行。

Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.

每一个大法官都对此惊人言论表示反对。

转载请注明：2013年考研英语试卷一 阅读理解第4篇答案和解析